基于状态维修的预防性维修策略优化模型研究

基于状态的维修着眼于系统的具体运行状况,对被监测装备的真实状态进行评估,克服了维修的盲目性,可有效减少由于维修不足而引起的意外故障和由于维修过剩带来的资源浪费。提出一种基于状态的多部件系统非周期预防性维修计划的优化方法,引入"机会维修阈值"概念,优化不同维修方式转移概率的表达式,将多个维修作业按照机会维修阈值进行归并,运用马尔可夫决策过程理论,给出不同维修方式转移概率的表达式和目标函数,并进行算例分析。结果表明:提出的优化模型减少了预防性维修活动,节约了维修工时和经费,可为系统预防性维修策略决策提供参考。     

一种适应多DSP应用的动基座对准滤波分布式计算方法

工程实际应用受限于DSP芯片在线解算能力、器件精度的约束,无法在短时导航周期内完成大量高精度迭代运算,尤其一般的单DSP芯片无法满足系统庞大的数字处理需求和实时性要求,只能采取调整算法或者在软件上降低计算精度来让步处理,增加了系统复杂度的同时也影响了算法最终的解算精度。利用多嵌入式DSP系统同步处理高效、编程方便和应用程序容易维护的特点,配合一种多元统计的主成分分析方法,设计了分布式滤波计算方法,用于解决动基座对准运算复杂、矩阵计算量大等问题,具有较强的应用价值。     

激光陀螺误差分析的Allan方差法改进研究

针对传统Allan方差法分析激光陀螺误差特性过程中,不能合理解释方差中部分噪声项出现负值的情况,而采用阻尼振荡的分析方法能够对此给出合理解释,却又损失了辨识精度的问题,提出了一种基于动态Allan方差法理论的改进Allan方差法。该方法将阻尼振荡模型与动态Allan方差模型相结合,使得辨识结果的分析过程更加合理。激光陀螺零偏误差的辨识与分析结果表明:改进Allan方差法的辨识结果精度略高些,在改进Allan方差的三维分析图中可以显示出零偏中存在的数据突变情况,能够反应激光陀螺误差的动态特性。因此,改进Allan方差法更适用于激光陀螺误差特性的分析。     

基于最小二乘法的磁力计误差补偿与校准

磁力计在行人自主导航系统中用于提供绝对航行信息,而航向的精度直接决定着系统定位的精度。针对目前磁力计标定方法中存在磁干扰等问题,提出了一种基于最小二乘法和"8"字校准法对磁力计零偏进行实时校准的方法。该方法先利用最小二乘法修正磁力计零偏,再根据磁力计的模值大小及方差作为磁干扰的判断条件,用"8"字旋转方式进行实时校准。通过仿真和实验验证,新的方法有效地解决了磁力计误差补偿问题,证明了改进误差补偿算法的可行性和有效性。     

Space Weather Service for Chinese Space Science Satellites

Strategic Priority Research Program on Space Science has gained remarkable achievements. Space Environment Prediction Center (SEPC) affiliated with the National Space Science Center (NSSC) has been providing space weather services and helps secure space missions. Presently, SEPC is capable to offer a variety of space weather services covering many phases of space science missions including planning, design, launch, and orbital operation. The service packages consist of space weather forecasts, warnings, and effect analysis that can be utilized to avoid potential space weather hazard or reduce the damage caused by space storms, space radiation exposure for example. Extensive solar storms that occurred over Chinese Ghost Festival (CGF) in September 2017 led to a large enhancement of the solar energetic particle flux at 1 AU, which affected the near Earth radiation environment and brought great threat to orbiting satellites. Based on the space weather service by SEPC, satellite ground support groups collaborating with the space Tracking, Telemetering and Command system (TT&C) team were able to take immediate measures to react to the CGF solar storm event.      

Modeling and experimental validation of sawing based lander anchoring and sampling methods for asteroid exploration

This paper presents a novel lander anchoring system based on sawing method for asteroid exploration. The system is composed of three robotic arms, three cutting discs, and a control system. The discs mounted at the end of the arms are able to penetrate into the rock surface of asteroids. After the discs cut into the rock surface, the self-locking function of the arms provides forces to fix the lander on the surface. Modeling, trajectory planning, simulations, mechanism design, and prototype fabrication of the anchoring system are discussed, respectively. The performances of the system are tested on different kinds of rocks, at different sawing angles, locations, and speeds. Results show that the system can cut 15?mm deep into granite rock in 180?s at sawing angle of 60°, with the average power of 58.41?W, and the “weight on bit” (WOB) of 8.637?N. The 7.8?kg anchoring system is capable of providing omni-directional anchoring forces, at least 225?N normal and 157?N tangent to the surface of the rock. The system has the advantages of low-weight, low energy consumption and balance forces, high anchoring efficiency and reliability, and could enable the lander to move and sample or assist astronauts and robots in walking and sampling on asteroids.     

基于改进积分视线导引策略的欠驱动无人水面艇路径跟踪

路径跟踪控制是无人水面艇（USV）自主完成各项任务使命的关键技术之一,受到国内外运动控制领域的普遍关注。为提高风浪流等外界环境干扰下,无人水面艇（USV）路径跟踪控制的准确性和鲁棒性,研究海流等外界扰动环境下一类非对称欠驱动无人水面艇的路径跟踪问题,提出了2种改进积分视线（ILOS）导引策略,并基于改进导引策略和反馈控制思想实现了无人水面艇水平面的路径跟踪。与传统ILOS导引策略相比,第1种改进策略具有变积分增益能够避免积分饱和及超调现象;第2种改进策略在前者的基础上将前视距离设计为时变量,使得无人水面艇操纵更加灵活,其中积分增益和前视距离均为垂直距离误差的不同函数,引导无人水面艇灵活快速地跟踪期望路径。基于级联系统理论证明了当所有控制目标实现时,控制系统为全局k-指数稳定（GKES）的,理论分析和仿真实验证明了算法的有效性和先进性。      

月基平台对地观测数据传输链路方案设计及分析

数据传输及处理能力是月基平台构建中的一个重要问题,如何高效准确地传输海量对地观测数据至地球供后续研究是开展月基对地观测的关键环节。通过STK和MATLAB软件联合仿真,模拟月基平台对地观测数据传输链路,首次提出适用于月基平台的下行链路通信方案:通过构建中纬度地球站、最小间隔经度值为40°的2颗中继卫星组的设计方案,可以最大程度地实现全天候、无时断的信号传输,满足下行链路接收端获取足够强度和低误码率的信息,从而保障月基平台的运行。      

一种新型陀螺的力矩器非圆性误差补偿方法

为提高磁悬浮控制敏感陀螺（MSCSG）对陀螺载体姿态的敏感精度,基于其洛伦兹力磁轴承（LFMB）的设计结构,提出了一种力矩器非圆性误差补偿方法。首先,针对一种新型双球形包络面转子MSCSG,介绍了MSCSG的结构特点与陀螺载体姿态角速度敏感原理,并分别建立了MSCSG力矩器半径误差模型、转子偏转干扰力矩模型与陀螺载体姿态角速度敏感误差模型。其次,通过实验测量了力矩器的圆度,通过MATLAB进行数据拟合得到了力矩器的非圆特性,采用勒让德多项式级数对力矩器非圆性进行了描述,并有效补偿了因力矩器非圆性误差导致的姿态角速度敏感误差。最后,对误差补偿效果进行了仿真验证,结果表明该补偿方法使陀螺载体姿态角速度敏感误差降低了83.5%。此外,本文方法还可以解决LFMB陀螺的相关共性问题。